Close encounter Jupiter and Venus on 1st March 2023 The Netherlands photographed with SONY RX10-IV

 

Jupiter with 4 moons and Venus (cropped)
1st March 2023 ©G.Korthof

Jupiter with 4 moons (detail)
1st March 2023 ©G.Korthof

camera: SONY RX10-IV

Local time (Amsterdam): 19:45. Clear sky in West direction. 

camera settings: 

• zoom 600 mm
• exposure 1/6 sec. 
• aperture f/4,0
• ISO 12800
  
• Manual Focus (MF)
  
• Tripod
• Self timer 10 sec delay 
• underexposure: -2 stops
• camera horizontal position (plane of moons is tilted) 
• post-processing: GNU Image Manipulation (optimizing contrast).

Exposure:

The difficulty is that with the longer exposure times the moons will be visible, but the planet itself will be overexposed (blurred), but with shorter exposure times the moons will disappear. I have chosen to have the moons visible because they are the most interesting feature. Average image post-processing doesn't solve this problem easily.

I used the highest possible ISO setting. This will result in the shortest exposure times. The disadvantage is that the pictures are not razor sharp. I prefer the shortest possible exposure times, because the planets move.

See: Moons of jupiter (time table)

Von Daniken makes an embarrassing error about chimp-human difference and more...

chimp-human difference: 83% ???

In a previous blog I gave a first impression of Von Daniken's book Evolution is Wrong. A Radical Approach to the Origin and Transformation of Life. I noticed some funny and nice things and some problems. I now finished a complete review of the book which I published on my Was Darwin Wrong website. I found a huge blunder: Von Daniken misreads a scientific publication about genetic differences of chimp and human. Further, a lot of amazing logical fallacies. These give entertaining reading and show how a non-scientist and non-biologist thinks about biology and evolution. Evolution educators could learn from this and overcome intuitive and non-religious conceptual obstacles to understanding evolution. Evolution textbook writes should also include a section 'Overcoming obstacles to evolution'.

Notes

An example of paying attention to conceptual obstacles is: Kostas Kampourakis (2014) 'Understanding Evolution'. The obstacles for Von Daniken are not (yet) included.

Further Reading

• Evolution is Wrong! Really? is a complete review of Von Daniken's book (21 Feb 2023).
  

New evolution textbook as birthday present for Darwin

 

EVOLUTION
Futuyma, Kirkpatrick 5th ed. OUP hardback 2023
615 pages plus 83 pages index, literature.

A new evolution textbook for Darwin's birthday 12 Feb 2023. 

The publication of a new evolution textbook is a rare event. The textbook displayed above is now the most recent evolution textbook. The previous edition (4th) was also published together with Mark Kirkpatrik in 2017 (5 years ago). It is the longest-running series of Evolution textbooks. Futuyma published his first evolution textbook in 1979. For a visual overview of all evolution textbooks see the homepage of my WDW website. And here on the Introduction page they are listed with short descriptions.

The emphasis of this textbook is on organisms and species. Human evolution gets considerable attention (50 pages). The largest section is about mechanisms: mutation and variation, natural selection, genetic drift. There is a large section devoted to the History of Life (122 pages). I like the presence of a chapter about genome evolution. There is some attention to philosophical issues, and a chapter about Evolution and society. The numerous color illustrations make it a pleasure to browse. 

I was mystified and disappointed that there was no illustration of the molecule all life is based upon; the carrier of hereditary information. This molecule and its mechanisms of action are described in as few words as possible. As if this molecule is of minor importance in evolution. However, its discovery was rewarded which a Nobel prize! I am talking about DNA. Portraits of many evolutionary biologists are present, but Watson and Crick are missing. I also found the space devoted to the origin of life minimalistic.

A welcome feature of this edition is that most chapters have a final What We Don't Know section. The message is: evolutionary biologists have not yet solved all evolutionary puzzles. Critics take note!

 

I will update this first impression either here or on my WDW website.